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The article follows the life story of Oedipus as it is told by Sophocles in “King Oedipus”. The drama shows, that Oedipus´ fate is nearly inescapably determined by marks, that early traumatic incest with his mother has left on his character. Thus the Sophoclean play as a whole is the continuous description of a merciless duel between Oedipus and his mother, who either appears in a preoedipal form as the Sphinx or as an oedipal figure. The method of interpretation here applied apparently is based on psychoanalysis. The article supports the opinion, that modern psychological- psychiatric understanding of the parent – child – incest is hardly ahead of the view taken by Sophocles in ancient times. [Article in German] Picture by Carole Raddato from FRANKFURT, Germany.

We owe the unexpected and rapid progress in medical research and therapeutic methods to the far-reaching scientific knowledge of the past decades. Nowadays, the Internet makes information available worldwide within seconds, and, through social media, creates a "reality" that can hardly be verified. On the one hand, this development makes the modern people in the high-tech regions of our world striving, more than ever, for individuality and self-realization. On the other hand, these technical possibilities, such as interventions in reproductive medicine, organ transplantation, advances in cloning techniques, or the development of artificial intelligence, favor a "de-individualization" of the human being. Art can be a mediator for overcoming this completely polar development in today's science. [Article in German] Acknowledgments: I thank Drs. Birgitta Gläser, Ingvo Broich, Michael Leipoldt, and Michael Wolf for critically reading and suggesting improvements to this article.

Recently, the German government has planned to reform the medical school education system. Under the heading “masterplan medical education 2020” a commission composed of science and health ministers has been developing proposals for practical relevance and reinforcing the proportion of general medicine. Specifically, it is planned to introduce a mandatory rotation of general medicine in the practical year of medical school, which will have to be performed by a general practitioner accredited by the public health insurance. To this end, general practitioners are thought to participate in teaching medical students during the practical year on a voluntary basis. Furthermore, general medicine is supposed to become a mandatory part of the final oral and practical state exam which takes place after the practical year.

Gottfried Schramm Anfang Mai 1805 in Weimar: Ein Freundespaar verbessert seine Balladen Versäumte Begegnungen wurden schon oft geschildert. Königin Elisabeth von England hat ihre gefangengehaltene Rivalin 1587 nicht im Garten vom Schloss Fotheringhay aufgesucht. Ebenso wenig empfing der kaiserliche Feldherr Albrecht von Wallenstein 1634 im Feldlager von Pilsen einen schwedischen Unterhändler – Aber es hätte geschehen können. Die Folge der acht geschilderten Begegnungen haben in Mußestunden Gestalt angenommen, die ein Freiburger Historiker im Ruhestand sich ausgiebiger als früher gönnt. Auch wenn er sich diesmal die Maske eines fabulierenden Erzählers aufsetzt, geht es nicht um Belletristik, sondern um Geschichte, die sich wirklich ereignet hat. Nur muss man sie diesmal aus Szenen und Wortwechseln herauslesen, zu denen es leider nicht gekommen ist.

In memoriam Günter Hager: Obituary speeches in German by his former colleagues and friends honouring Günter Hager's life, professional activities, and personality on February 28, 2017. [Article in German] Prof. Dr. Boris Paal, M.Jur. (Oxford) is Dean of the Faculty of Law of the Albert-Ludwigs University Freiburg. He is Director of the Institute for Media and Information Law, Dept. I: Civil and Economic Law, Media and Information Law, at the Albert-Ludwigs University of Freiburg. Professor Dr. Uwe Blaurock has been a full professor at the Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg since 1995 , where he was Director of the Institute of Economic Law from 1995 to 2011. From 2002 to 2004 he was Dean of the Faculty of Law. In 2011 he became Professor emeritus. Since 1999 he has been a concurrent professor at Nanjing University, and since 2001 he has been President of the German-Chinese Law Association. Dr. iur.

On 19 February 2017, Prof. Dr. Günter Hager, member of the JOSHA Editorial Board for the Section "Philosophy, Ethics and Law", died at the age of 73 years. He contributed decisively to the success of JOSHA in the conception of our journal, the content design, and development, as well as his own important contributions. Until his retirement in 2011, he was a professor of civil law with a focus on International Private Law. After his retirement, Günter Hager increasingly dealt with questions of ethics and the environment and nature conservation, publishing many of his great works in JOSHA. With him, we lost not only a great legal scholar and an important editor of JOSHA but also a wonderful friend who was broadly interested in literature and music and whose narratives were, as it were, creative, humorous, and linguistically refined. One of his favorite aphorisms from his inexhaustible fund of quotations was "What is to be dismissed this minute, no eternity will return.

Enough. Concerning me. Different facets of one statement – encouraging and setting limits at the same ime. We want to arouse curiosity, stimulate new approaches and think out the future. At the Summer School 2017 in Wittenberg, in the middle of the Reformation anniversary, we want to broaden our horizons and get personal: letting ourselves be concerned. On over 100 pages we have collected details on the seminars, workshops and events for you. They focus on the general topic – and are interdisciplinary, outward-looking and interreligious. You can see it from the structure of this booklet: just as the German and English appear side by side, in the Reformation Summer many educational experts will complement and challenge one another with international perspectives in over 30 seminars. Their individual styles are represented in the seminar descriptions. The general topic arose from some hard thinking by undergraduates and doctoral students exactly a year ago.

Missed encounters have often been described. Queen Elizabeth of England did not visit her captive rival in the garden of Fotheringhay Castle in 1587. Nor did the imperial commander Albrecht von Wallenstein receive a Swedish subcontractor in the camp of Pilsen in 1634. But it could have happened. This series of eight described encounters has taken shape in leisure hours, which a retired Freiburg historian now has more extensively than before. The essays are not about fiction, but about history, which has really happened. Only one should read between the lines because, unfortunately, the encounters did not take place in reality. The eight "missed encounters" published by the Freiburg-based historian Prof. Dr. em. Gottfried Schramm will appear in the next few weeks as a series in the Journal of Science, Humanities, and Arts. In the first episode, the Tsarina Katharina II is visited by an anonymous guest. Will a past happiness avert an approaching mischief? [Article in German]

In 64 AD, a fire destroyed large parts of Rome. The reigning emperor Nero, who was looking for areas to build a new palace with gardens, was suspected to be the author. He laid the blame on the generally suspicious Christians, then in Rome some hundred souls, who lived separate from all public ceremonies and celebrated their religion secretly. Humble Christians were tortured and the imperial court sentenced them as arsonists to cruel death penalties; after that whoever confessed to be a Christian was sentenced and the sentences became recognized precedents. Until the early 4th century, to be a Christian was due to death penalty without further detail. Institution: Faculty of Law, Albert Ludwigs University of Freiburg, Germany

The International Master in Biomedical Sciences (IMBS) team and the International Academy of Science, Humanities and Arts (IASHA) are happy to announce that an exhibition of regional artists will accompany the Symposium "Science, Ethics and Arts", which is open to the general public on Friday, October 14 at the “Haus zur Lieben Hand” in Freiburg im Breisgau. The art exhibition will be opened during the symposium break at 1:30 pm and after the symposium at 5 pm. The following artists will present selected works: Anna Boksa Krawczak (photograph), Giulia Musella (painting), John Tun Sein (painting) and Ludwig Köhler (sculpture).