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Responses to epidemics, emergencies and disasters raise many ethical issues for the people involved, who include responders, public health specialists and policy-makers. This workshop provides an ethical view point on issues arising when research studies are conducted in these difficult contexts. In particular, it will be focused on adaptations of ethical oversight and processes, as deliberations of research ethics committees. Using the example of the recent Ebola outbreak in West Africa, the participants of the workshop will discuss ethical issues within a concrete case study. I would like to express my gratitude to Dr. Andreas Reis, WHO, and Dr. Ignacio Mastroleo, Universidad de Buenos Aires, for their continued support.

Florencia Luna received an M.A. from the University of Columbia (USA) and a Ph.D in philosophy from the University of Buenos Aires. She directs the Program of Bioethics and is teaching bioethics at FLACSO (Latin American University of Social Sciences). She is Principal Researcher at CONICET (National Scientific and Technological Research Council). She has been the President of the International Association of Bioethics (IAB) during 2003 to 2005. She is Temporary Advisor of the World Health Organization (WHO) since 1997 and is now Expert for WHO since 2009. She has been appointed to the Scientific and Technical Advisory Committee (STAC) of Tropical Disease Research (TDR) at WHO. Beginning in 2005, she became a member or the Steering Committee of the Global Forum on Bioethics in Research (GFBR). She is co- PI with Ruth Macklin of a research training grant of the Fogarty International Centre, NIH (National Institutes of Health- (US)) to train persons in ethics and research (2000-2016).

Florencia Luna received an M.A. from the University of Columbia (USA) and a Ph.D in philosophy from the University of Buenos Aires. She directs the Program of Bioethics and is teaching bioethics at FLACSO (Latin American University of Social Sciences). She is Principal Researcher at CONICET (National Scientific and Technological Research Council). She has been the President of the International Association of Bioethics (IAB) during 2003 to 2005. She has won the Guggenheim Foundation Fellow (2006) and has been awarded the Konnex Prize: Honor Diploma in Ethics in 2006, in recognition of important figures in Humanities during the last decade in Argentina (1996-2006). She is Temporary Advisor of the World Health Organization (WHO) since 1997 and is now Expert for WHO since 2009. She has been appointed to the Scientific and Technical Advisory Committee (STAC) of Tropical Disease Research (TDR) at WHO.

Andreas Alois Reis (MD, MSc) is a Technical Officer in the Global Health Ethics Unit of the Department of Knowledge, Ethics, and Research at WHO in Geneva, Switzerland. After medical studies and practice in internal medicine in Germany, France and Chile he pursued studies in health economics and ethics. His main area of work is public health ethics, with a focus on distributive justice and equitable access to health services, and ethical aspects of infectious diseases such as HIV, pandemic influenza, and tuberculosis. He has published widely, lectured and organized trainings for WHO in more than 40 countries, and is serving on the editorial boards of Public Health Ethics and Monash Bioethics Review. In this presentation Dr. Reis discusses important ethical aspects of the deployment of Health Care Workers in areas of epidemics and disasters.

The recent financial and economic crisis has put a big question mark behind the neo-liberal paradigm. For a long time the prevailing approach was deregulation, leaving everything to the market. At least as far as financial markets are concerned, there seems to be a change of perception. The change of paradigm should not be confined to the financial market. It also should be applied to labour markets. Even if many long-term benefits are indirect and difficult to measure, empirical evidence shows that labour standards result in improved health and human capital which increases the productivity potential of workers. It particularly shows that fair working conditions result in improved motivation and willingness of workers for high performance. Long-term and stable relationship between the worker and the company provides incentives to companies to invest in training of their workers because the company is able to recover returns from training.

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Seven contributions to JOSHA’s new Issue 4 of Volume 2 lead you from a biochemical method to experimental oncology, further to digital acrylics, academic appointment procedures and ethics, and finally to an invitation to participate in a workshop and a symposium on bioethics. Together with the first four issues since its initiation, JOSHA continues to provide an expanded range of rich material and new information. As outlined in the Editorial to the first issue, JOSHA has been initiated exactly for this goal, to create a novel open access internet platform to facilitate entrée to the broad diversity of important discoveries and creativity in the fields of Science, Humanities and Arts. JOSHA’s new issue will again sustain this conception. We are confident that it will have impact on the diversity and the colorfulness of your world of reading. Let yourself seduce to read articles that are not primarily in the center of your concern.

Dear Madam, dear Sir, The IMBS team would like to welcome you to the IMBS Bioethics Module which will be taught in the week of August 10-14, 2015 in Freiburg, Germany. External students are invited to participate in the IMBS Bioethics Workshop as well as the IMBS symposium “Science, Ethics and Society” on August 14. Students who successfully complete the Workshop will receive a Staement of Attendance with ECTS Points. The International Master in Biomedical Sciences (IMBS) is a joint English language Program and collaboration between the Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Germany, and the Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina. We annually welcome students from all parts of the world. The students will have the chance to learn about and discuss ethical issues in an international environment raised in the context of Human Health, Science, Technology and Research. We would be happy to welcome you to the IMBS Summer School Bioethics Module and/or to the IMBS Symposium.

Dear Madam, dear Sir, We would like to invite you to the Symposium "Science, Ethics and Society" on Friday, August 14, in Freiburg, Haus zur Lieben Hand, which is open to the general public. Speakers from the Albert-Ludwig-University Freiburg, University of Buenos Aires, World Health Organization Geneva, FLACSO Buenos Aires, and the National Centre of Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg will address current topics of importance and controversy in Human Health, Environmental Aspects, Science, Technology, and Research. We would be happy to welcome you to this important Symposium, which is part of the IMBS Program. The International Master in Biomedical Sciences (IMBS) is a joint English language Program and collaboration between the Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Germany, and the Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina. In order to register or to ask further questions, please contact felicitas.holzer@josha-archive.org to register for the Symposium.

Facing the upcoming application possibilities of genomic sequencing in human health research, to determine the appropriate ethical scope of genetic counselling for research participants becomes a most important challenge. In this thesis, an informed consent model for the disclosure of incidental findings in research using whole genome sequencing or whole exome sequencing will be presented. The design of an informed consent model is always based on a general informed consent theory. Thus, informed consent models can be defined as application of an ideal informed consent theory, containing general ethical principles, to a particular context.